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TOEFL COURSES --> Building iBT TOEFL --> Writing Section

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Integrated Writing

Read the passage (3 minutes) and then listen to the recording. Then you have 20 minutes to plan and write your response.

Typically, an effective response will have 150 to 225 words.

Humans have always traveled across the earth. Early hunting-gathering nomads migrated in search of resources to sustain themselves. Later, after the spread of civilization, people of various religions made pilgrimages on foot or horseback, which led to the growth of wayside inns. Traders journeyed throughout Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East in search of perfumes, spices and other goods. Vikings traveled across vast seas in search of fish, timber, and other natural resources. Europeans explored Africa and the Americas, conquering other civilizations and establishing colonies. These activities - religious pilgrimages, the growth of trade, conquest and colonization - all stimulated the growth of tourism. While the earliest “tourists” traveled in search of resources, later tourists took trips for cultural, educational, and scientific purposes. During the seventeenth century, the young members of Europe's wealthy classes took “grand tours” through Europe to expand their cultural horizons, and to learn about languages, theater, music, and art. In the nineteenth century, naturalists like Charles Darwin studied animal and plant species in exotic places and contributed greatly to an interest in traveling for scientific advancement. In the early twentieth century, naturalist John Muir began to write about his wanderings through the southern United States, Alaska, and India, and his writings continue to inspire people to observe and preserve the natural world. Other travel heroes, such as Ernest Hemingway, wrote of their African expeditions to hunt big game, exposing people to the possibilities of journeying to faraway lands for adventure.

Question: Summarize the points made in the lecture, and explain how they are similar to or different from points made in the reading.

Count: 0 word(s)

Sample:

Key points:

- The reasons for traveling have changed; in the past, peopled traveled for political or economic purposes; in modern times, people travel for personal enrichment and adventure. This is similar to the point in the reading that the earliest tourists traveled in search of resources, while later tourists traveled for cultural, educational, and scientific purposes.

- Hemingway illustrates the conquest ideal in tourism and was very influential. This is similar to the point in the reading that Hemingway exposed people to the possibilities of journeying to faraway lands for adventure.

- Ethnic tourism is a new kind of cultural tourism in which tourists learn about aboriginal cultures. This is similar to the point in the reading that young Europeans took "grand tours” to expand their cultural horizons; it also differs because the European example occurred in the seventeenth century rather than in the present.

- Environmental tourism is traveling to wilderness areas to observe, photograph, and learn about nature. This is similar to the point in the reading that people traveled to observe and preserve the natural world; it also differs from the point in the reading that people traveled to hunt and kill big game.

Total: 10 page(s)

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