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MODEL TEST - GENERAL TRAINING IELTS
(Time: 90 minutes)
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Section 1
Script:
Tourist office assistant: Hello, how can I help you? Tourist: Um, hello. Is it possible to book a bus tour of the city here? TOA: Of course, sir. When would you like to take the tour? There are tours in the morning, afternoon, and evening ... sometimes it's nice to see the city at night with the buildings lit up. Tourist: We’ll be going out for dinner tonight, so we’d prefer to go this afternoon. Oh, and it’s for two people. TOA: Right. Now I just need some details. Can you give me the names of the two people, please? Tourist: Yes. Susan Field and James Carter. TOA: Susan Field and James - sorry, can you spell your surname for me, please? Tourist: It's Carter. C-A-R-T-E-R. TOA: Thank you. And can I have a contact telephone number? Tourist: Why do you need one? TOA: Just in case we have to cancel the tour and need to contact you. Tourist: I see. Well, my mobile number is 07988 636197 (0-7-9-double 8-6-3-6-1-9-7). TOA: That’s 07988 636197. Now, can you also tell me which hotel you’re staying at? Tourist: The Crest Hotel. Oh no, sorry. That’s the hotel we’re staying in next week. It's the Riverside Hotel. TOA: Oh! The Riverside is a lovely hotel. Are you enjoying your stay? Tourist: Yes, we are, very much. We'd definitely recommend it to others. TOA: Oh I am glad. Now, I can book you on the tour at 4 p.m. Would that suit you? Alternatively, there is one at two. Tourist: Two would be better for us. please. TOA: Right, that's booked for you, sir. Two people at 2 p.m. today. August Uth. You pay the bus driver when you get on, and it's £4 per person. Tourist: Thank you very much. Complete the form below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. CITY BUS TOUR BOOKING FORM | Number of passengers: | 2 | Passenger name(s): | Susan Field and James (1)……… | Contact telephone number: | 07988 (2)………. | Hotel: | (3)………… | Bus tour time: | (4)………… p.m. | Bus tour date: | 14th August |
1.
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636197
2.00/2/two
Carter
Riverside Hotel
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Script:
Tourist: Can I also ask you about the museum in the main square? I was reading about it in my guide book and was shocked to see that the entrance price is £10. Why does it cost so much? Tourist office assistant: Well, the museum has the largest collection of Latin American art in Europe. People come from all over the world to see it. But that's not the reason why it's so expensive to get in. You see, the building is very old and it needs repairs. The £10 ticket cost will go towards repairing the roof and the walls. Tourist: I see. Well, I suppose it's worth paying £10 to see the collection. Yes, I think so too. Is there anything else I can help you with? Tourist: Actually, there is. I was wondering if you knew of any good restaurants in the area. TOA: Well, there are a few restaurants near the harbour, and a couple on the beach which are nice. The problem is that the smell of the fish market is quite strong down there. Tourist: Mm, I don't think my girlfriend would be very pleased. TOA: I know what you mean - it's not very romantic, is it? My advice would be to go to the next town. It’s bigger, and the restaurant selection is wider. You can get there by taxi and it only takes about ten minutes. The town is quite picturesque ... Is it for a special occasion? Tourist: Yes, it's my girlfriend's birthday so I’d like to go somewhere special. Um, do you know any of these restaurants well enough to tell me about them? TOA: Well, I know about a few of them, and there are pictures in this leaflet here. This one here is lovely - the Belleview - and it’s extremely popular. It has a famous chef, so it’s not cheap, but the standard of the food is very high. It’s right by the sea and there are wonderful views if you get a good table. Then there’s The Lighthouse Café - you can see the picture here - which isn't really a café at all. In fact, it’s a great restaurant and a lot of TV celebrities and actors eat there. The place has been going for over a hundred years! It’s quite an institution around here. Tourist: Mm. I'm not sure about those two - they sound too expensive to me. I was thinking of somewhere small, not too up-market, but with good food. TOA: In that case what about Harvey’s? The same family has run this restaurant for over a century. and it’s reasonably priced and really popular with local people. And there’s another family-run restaurant. Stonecroft House. New owners took over a month ago and they’re getting good reviews. There’s a new chef there and the food is meant to be very good. This leaflet has the contact details for all the restaurants so you can just call them if you’d like to book a table. Tourist: Great, thanks. You’ve been very helpful. Choose the correct answer.
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1. Why does a ticket for the museum cost £10?
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Explain:
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2. The tourist office assistant suggests going to the next town for a good restaurant because
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Explain:
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Script:
Tourist: Can I also ask you about the museum in the main square? I was reading about it in my guide book and was shocked to see that the entrance price is £10. Why does it cost so much? Tourist office assistant: Well, the museum has the largest collection of Latin American art in Europe. People come from all over the world to see it. But that's not the reason why it's so expensive to get in. You see, the building is very old and it needs repairs. The £10 ticket cost will go towards repairing the roof and the walls. Tourist: I see. Well, I suppose it's worth paying £10 to see the collection. Yes, I think so too. Is there anything else I can help you with? Tourist: Actually, there is. I was wondering if you knew of any good restaurants in the area. TOA: Well, there are a few restaurants near the harbour, and a couple on the beach which are nice. The problem is that the smell of the fish market is quite strong down there. Tourist: Mm, I don't think my girlfriend would be very pleased. TOA: I know what you mean - it's not very romantic, is it? My advice would be to go to the next town. It’s bigger, and the restaurant selection is wider. You can get there by taxi and it only takes about ten minutes. The town is quite picturesque ... Is it for a special occasion? Tourist: Yes, it's my girlfriend's birthday so I’d like to go somewhere special. Um, do you know any of these restaurants well enough to tell me about them? TOA: Well, I know about a few of them, and there are pictures in this leaflet here. This one here is lovely - the Belleview - and it’s extremely popular. It has a famous chef, so it’s not cheap, but the standard of the food is very high. It’s right by the sea and there are wonderful views if you get a good table. Then there’s The Lighthouse Café - you can see the picture here - which isn't really a café at all. In fact, it’s a great restaurant and a lot of TV celebrities and actors eat there. The place has been going for over a hundred years! It’s quite an institution around here. Tourist: Mm. I'm not sure about those two - they sound too expensive to me. I was thinking of somewhere small, not too up-market, but with good food. TOA: In that case what about Harvey’s? The same family has run this restaurant for over a century. and it’s reasonably priced and really popular with local people. And there’s another family-run restaurant. Stonecroft House. New owners took over a month ago and they’re getting good reviews. There’s a new chef there and the food is meant to be very good. This leaflet has the contact details for all the restaurants so you can just call them if you’d like to book a table. Tourist: Great, thanks. You’ve been very helpful. Match the restaurants with their descriptions.
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1. The Belleview
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2. The Lighthouse Cafe
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4. Stonecroft House
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Section 2
Script:
OK - so hi everybody and welcome to the Sea Life Centre. Before you start on your tour I'd just like to give you some information about things to look out for as you go. Well first of all, I guess some of you may have been here before and may be surprised to see the name has changed. We are not called World of Water any more - since the beginning of this summer we've been renamed, and we've also made a few other changes. However, the main attractions like the aquarium, the crocodiles, the penguins and so on are still here. But we have a new restaurant and picnic area and the latest thing that we have - and it was only finished last week - is the splash ride. This is an exciting new area of the centre and is pretty scary and of course you do get a bit wet so make sure you're not wearing your best clothes! As I said, the main attractions are still here and the most popular thing that everyone wants to see is feeding time, especially for the crocodiles and the seals. We used to have the main feeding time in the afternoon at around 3 pm but we found that some of the animals got a bit hungry waiting until then and so we now have it at noon. They seem much happier with the new time - although it's a bit difficult to know what they’re thinking! Now - I'd like to mention something new that we've introduced this year that we're very excited about. It's called a VIP ticket. The VIP ticket costs an extra £2 per person and you will be amazed at what it allows you to do. With this you'll be allowed to feed the sharks. Now I know that for some people this might be quite a frightening thing to do, but it is perfectly safe. For those of you who are a bit unsure, we do have a video you can watch to see what happens. It's a great experience and your friends will be very impressed! Speaking of friends, I'd just like to remind you that the Sea Life Centre will be more than happy to organise a birthday party for you and your family and friends. If you need more details you can speak to me afterwards and there are also forms at the entrance that you can fill in. I'd also like to bring your attention to the good work that the Sea Life Centre is doing in support of animal conservation. I am sure you're all aware of the worrying situation with a large number of species facing extinction. Here at the Sea Life Centre we're taking action by asking as many people as possible to sign a petition. Once we have over 5,000 signatures we are planning to send it to the government in the hope that more people will begin to take it seriously. Right - well there's obviously a lot going on at the Centre, and a lot of things to discover. At all the attractions there is helpful information so please read as much as you can and, if you want to see what you've remembered, please do the quiz after your visit. There are no prizes of course, but I'm sure you'll be surprised by how much you've learnt. Answer the questions below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
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at noon/midday/ 12 o'clock/ 12 pm/ noon/ at midday/ at 12 o'clock/ at 12 pm
quiz/ the quiz/ a quiz
a birthday party/ birthday party
feed the sharks/ feed sharks
the government/ government
world of water/World of Water
the splash ride/ splash ride
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Script:
So before I leave you all to start your tour, I've just got a few tips. There are a large number of attractions and you may not have time to see them all. Of course, there are the old favourites like the Aquarium and the Crocodile Cave but if you don't have time to see everything make sure you visit Turtle Town, which is beyond the Aquarium and the Seal Centre. This is very special and has a large number of endangered species, and as it's at the far corner of the Sea Life Centre it often gets overlooked. I also have to apologise for the Penguin Park. This has needed some urgent work to be done and so will not be open for the next week. We are very sorry about this but I'm sure you'll find the Seal Centre which is directly opposite it will keep you entertained just as much - if not more! We're also very busy today as you may have noticed on your way in. Everyone starts here at the Aquarium but as it's so big, there's no waiting to get in. But today we're expecting a lot of people to want to see the Crocodile Cave as a couple of eggs have hatched out. So expect delays there and, if you like, move on to the Seal Centre first and then go back when things are quieter, towards the end of the day. So I'll leave you now but if you have any questions I won't be far away and have a great time at the Sea Life Centre! What does the guide say about each attraction?
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1. must not miss
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2. temporarily closed
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Section 3
Script:
You will hear two students, Ramil and Kirsten, discussing presenting a paper at an architecture conference. Ramil: Hi, Kirsten. Have you heard about that Architecture conference in Oxford at the end of the year? Kirsten: Yeah. I saw the leaflet on the noticeboard. As it’s my final year, I ought to try giving a paper. But I’ve got no idea how to go about it! Ramil: I think you should go for it. I did one last year. It’s quite straightforward. First of all, you need to see what the conference themes are - you know, what topics they are covering. You can do that by looking it up on the website. You need to submit a paper that falls into one of the categories they give you. Kirsten: Oh, that may give me some ideas. Ramil: Then, while you’re doing that, you should also have a look at the information on how to submit your paper - the 'rules’, if you like, such as the length. It’s important you follow those. Kirsten: I see. Then I suppose the next stage is to start writing it up. I’d like to use it as an opportunity to propose some future work, but I understand it must be based on current work. Still there’s plenty to choose from. It makes sense to do something that I’m more familiar with. Ramil: Yes, - and the other thing is, when you’ve written it up, then go back and look at your data carefully and make certain that you’ve presented it in a format that is standard for your subject. Remember people have to absorb information very quickly while they’re listening - don’t make it too complicated. Kirsten: OK, well, I reckon that’ll take me about a month to get that sorted. Then, the next thing I have to do, I guess, before I send it off to the conference organiser, is give the whole thing to the Events Officer so that he can look through it and see if it all makes sense and is OK. Ramil: Yeah. Remember to warn him that it’s en route so he can fit it into his schedule! Then you’re done really. All you have to do after that is to go through it and sort out any changes you need to make. Then finally you can submit it. You can do that online. Kirsten: Phew! Good. Then I just wait to hear I suppose. How long does that take? Ramil: Depends - but usually about six weeks. When you hear, if your paper has been accepted, then, at that stage, it’s worth giving them a list of any technical things you’ll need when you actually give the talk - a screen or video players or that sort of thing. Kirsten: OK - but that’s a long way off. And I know that, if my paper is accepted, then, at that stage, I have to give them a short text about myself and my academic background, so that they can put it in the brochure. Famous, at last! Ramil: Yeah. Complete the flow-chart below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
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the website / the internet / website / internet
brochure
current
technical
the length / length
changes / revisions
Events Officer
format
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Script:
Kirsten: Right - well, I’ve got to get a couple of things sorted if I’m going to get this paper completed. Ramil: Have you got enough data? Kirsten: Possibly. I’d like to reinforce some of it, though, so I thought I’d send out some more questionnaires. I was looking at that thesis that Angela wrote last year and she said you need a sample of over 100 to be sure of your results. Ramil: I think some of this year’s postgraduates are doing some of the same stuff as you on buildings. Why don’t you talk to them? Kirsten: I’ll end up getting confused. It would be more useful for me to actually go out to that site by the rail bridge to see how they’re building the new factory. I managed to get hold of Professor Barnett at London University and he said I should go out and take pictures. I’m pretty busy but I’ll have to make time. Anyway, what about you ... (fade) ... Choose TWO answer choices.
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1. Which TWO things does Kirsten plan to do to prepare her conference paper?
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Explain:
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Script:
Tutor: We're very pleased to welcome Professor Isaac Nebworth to our tutorial group today and he's come to share one of his pet passions with us - City traffic and our western dependence on the motor car. I believe questions are quite welcome throughout. Professor: Thank you. Well, I know you're all very familiar with the super highway here in Melbourne. But do super highways automatically lead to super wealth, as our politicians would have us believe? I think not. Tutor: Can you give us an example of what you mean exactly? Professor: Sure ... well, by continuing to encourage this dependence on the motor car, we simply create more congestion and more urban sprawl. And you can see that here in Melbourne right under your nose. Student: Excuse me. I would just like to say that I feel the sprawl is part of the city. The freeways mean people can enjoy the benefits of living away from the centre ... on larger blocks with gardens ... but still be able to drive back into the city centre for work or entertainment. Professor: Well I'm not convinced that people want to do that. And is our money being well spent? It may be OK for you now but come back to me in five years' time! Let's take City Link, for example, the new freeway here in Melbourne. Student: Well ... I use the freeway all the time. I think it's great. Professor: Ah yes, but it cost $2btllion to build, and you could have gotten ten times the value by putting the money into public transport. If you give the automobile road space, it will fill that space ... and you'll soon find you'll be crawling along your City Link. Tutor: But surely, you cannot simply blame the car. Some of the blame must rest with governments and city planners? Student: Well there is an argument, surely, that building good roads is actually beneficial because most new cars these days are highly efficient - they use far less petrol than in the past and emissions of dangerous gases are low. Old congested roads, on the other hand, encourage traffic to move slowly and it's the stationary cars that cause the pollution and smog ... whereas good roads increase traffic speeds and thus the amount of time cars are actually on the roads. Professor: Well ... this is the old argument put forward by the road lobby but, for me it's clear cut. Roads equal cars which equal smog. Public transport is the way to go. Choose the correct answer.
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1. The professor says that super highways
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2. The student thinks people
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3. The professor suggests that in five years′ time
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4. The student believes that highways
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Script:
Tutor: Now ... on that topic of public transport, I read somewhere recently that Australia isn't doing too badly in the challenge to increase the use of public transport. Professor: Better than America, granted, but by comparison with Canada, it's not so good. For instance, if you compare Toronto with the US metropolis of Detroit only 160 kilometres away ... in Detroit only 1% of passenger travel is by public transport whereas in Toronto it's 24% which is considerably better than Sydney which can only boast 16%. Tutor: Well I think it's encouraging that our least car- dependent city is actually our largest city. 1 6% of trips being taken on public transport in Sydney, isn't too bad. Professor: But it's a long way behind Europe. Take both London and Paris for instance ... where 30% of all trips taken are on public transport. Tutor: Well, they do both have an excellent underground system. Professor: ... and Frankfurt comes in higher still at 32%. Tutor: I understand that they've been very successful in Copenhagen at ridding the city of the car. Can you tell us anything about that experiment? Professor: Yes indeed. Copenhagen is a wonderful example of a city that has learnt to live without the motor car. Back in the 1960s they adopted a number of policies designed to draw people back into the city. For instance they paid musicians and artists to perform in the streets. They also built cycle lanes and now 30% of the inhabitants of Copenhagen use a bicycle to go to work. Sydney by comparison can only boast 1% of the population cycling to work. Student: It could have something to do with all the hills! Professor: Then they banned cars from many parts of the city and every year 3% of the city parking is removed and by constantly reducing parking they've created public spaces and clean air. Student: Really!! Professor: There are also freely available bicycles which you can hire for practically nothing. And of course, they have an excellent public transport system. Student: Well, that's all very well for Copenhagen. But I'd just like to say that some cities are just too large for a decent public transport system to work well. Particularly in areas with low population, because if there aren't many people using the service then they don't schedule enough buses or trains for that route. Professor: I accept that there is a vicious circle here but people do need to support the system. Student: And secondly the whole process takes so long because usually you have to change ... you know, from bus to train - that sort of thing, and that can be quite difficult. Ultimately it's much easier to jump in your car. And often it turns out to be cheaper. Professor: Sure ... but cheaper for whom, you or society? We have to work towards the ideal and not give in all the time because things are too difficult ... Anyway let’s move on to some of the results of the survey ...
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1. Which TWO facts are mentioned about Copenhagen?
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2. Which TWO reasons are given for the low popularity of public transport?
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Section 4
Script:
Lecturer: Good afternoon, everybody. Today I'll be talking about the issue of waste, which has become an immense problem in today's society. We face huge challenges in terms of reducing its creation in the first place and then in dealing with it when it has been created. Now, the model of nature would be our idea! - a completely cyclical system in which no excess waste is generated that can't be processed by itself. However, we humans have proved, despite our apparent intelligence and ingenuity, quite incapable of achieving this. Where did it all go wrong? We have evidence that in ancient Greece and Rome governments operated municipal waste collection, and a huge Stone Age mound was identified some years ago in Norway as waste disposal, so we can see that people have been generating waste for a very long time indeed. However, during the Dark Ages, sophisticated municipal waste processing disappeared. The medieval answer to waste was to throw it out of the window. But this waste, apart from broken pottery and a few metal objects, was largely organic. This meant, of course, that it was quickly absorbed into the environment by the natural processes of decay. However, many concerned people, such as doctors, claimed that this created health problems, although it wasn't until science produced convincing evidence of the connection between rubbish and disease that governments began to see the importance of dealing with the problem effectively. Unfortunately, their response has remained slower than the generation of waste. It is very hard to deal with waste that won't melt into the environment, as so many of our modern consumer goods won't, and that's why the invention of plastic has caused the worst headache for the environment - it's more than nature can deal with. Answer the questions below. Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
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disease
plastic
organic
Norway
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Script:
In order to address the root of the problem of waste, we need to think about what has made the quantity of waste accelerate in growth. I'd identify three main reasons. As many countries became industrialised, we saw the advent of mass manufacturing. This has been enormously damaging, as it has greatly increased the amount of things on the planet's surface which don't go away by themselves. Closely related to this is packaging - necessary for transporting things around the world, but then extremely difficult to get rid of properly. And a third aspect to the problem has been disposable goods. We have become accustomed to so many things being to use and then discard that we find it hard to imagine life without them. And yet we spare little thought for where they go when we do discard them. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
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mass manufacturing
packaging
disposable goods
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Script:
Right now, let's move on from where all this waste comes from to what is done with it all now it's here. Different countries deal with waste differently. Of course, each country also changes what it does, so the figures for waste treatment I've got here are likely to change in the future. Let's look at Municipal Solid Waste, or MSW. MSW is important to consider because it's effectively a measurement of consumerism - how much waste people produce that goes beyond the absolute basic requirements in life to eat and drink. One of the main ways of dealing with MSW is incineration - burning it. This is adopted variously around the world. The UK burns relatively little waste, as does the US, while Denmark burns about half of all waste, and Japan uses this method for as much as three quarters. These are broad brush strokes, of course, because an important issue is how efficient and clean the burning process is. Another major form of waste treatment is using landfill sites - basically, burying the waste in the earth. Currently, this method is the dominant process used in the UK at over 80%. and is also heavily used in Germany and in the US, while densely populated and mountainous countries such as Switzerland and Japan dispose of relatively little this way. A third - and much better way of dealing with waste is to recycle it, turning it back into more things we need. It must be said that much depends here on whether further waste is generated by the recycling processes themselves. The UK and Japan have rather poor records in recycling, while Switzerland tops the table in this respect, and reasonably impressive levels are achieved by Denmark and Germany. I really hope that if we all gathered here again ten years from now, these figures would be much higher. Time - and a lot of effort - will tell. Choose the correct answer.
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1. Which country uses the highest proportion of incineration method of waste disposal?
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2. Which country uses the highest proportion of landfill method of waste disposal?
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3. Which country uses the highest proportion of recycling method of waste disposal?
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Passage 1
The following table gives information about immunisation. IMMUNISATION CALENDAR | AGE | DISEASE | VACCINE | 2 months | Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis | DTPw* | | Poliomyelitis | OPV-Sabin vaccine | | Hib | Hib vaccine (HbOC or PRP-OMP)** | 4 months | Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis | DTPw* | | Poliomyelitis | OPV-Sabin vaccine | | Hib | Hib vaccine (HbOC or PRP-OMP)** | 6 months | Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis | DTPw* | | Poliomyelitis | OPV-Sabin vaccine | | Hib (HbOC schedule only) | Hib vaccine (HbOC) | 12 months | Measles, Mumps, Rubella | MMR | | Hib (PRP-OMP schedule only) | Hib vaccine (PRP-OMP) | 18 months | Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis, | DTPa or DTPw | | Hib (HbOC schedule only) | Hib vaccine (HbOC) | Prior to school—4-5 years (+) | Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis | DTPa or DTPw | | Poliomyelitis | OPV-Sabin vaccine | (+) Attendance for these booster injections is essential. * DTP is the abbreviation for diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine, commonly referred to by the trade name “Triple Antigen” ** Abbreviations for haemophilus influenzae Type b (Hib) vaccines: HbOC is “HibTITER”; PRP-OMP is “PedvaxHIB”. HbOC (‘HibTITER’) is given at two, four, six and 18 months. PRP-OMP (PedvaxHIB) is given at two, four and 12 months.
Using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS taken from the table, answer the following questions.
Answer the questions by choosing the correct answer.
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1. Which of the following would be an appropriate schedule for Type b influenza?
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2. The symbol (+) indicates ................
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Questions and Answers about Immunisation (A) For polio, Sabin oral vaccine is given by mouth-a few drops of pleasantly flavoured syrup on a spoon. For diphtheria, tetanus and whooping cough a combined vaccine (triple antigen) is given by injection-a quick prick from the needle, over in a few seconds. Measles and rubella vaccine are also given by injection. (B) There are sometimes mild side effects to the triple antigen vaccine. These may include some local redness, tenderness and swelling at the site of the injection during the 48-hour period which follows it. There may also be slight nausea, fretfulness and feverishness. Major reactions are extremely rare. Possible reactions to measles immunisation include fever, rash and a stuffy nose about 5-12 days after the injection. These symptoms last about 2-3 days, do not cause much discomfort and normally do not require treatment. The child is not infective to others. (C) A full course of immunisation will still give protection when completed, even if it does not strictly follow the Health Commission's recommended schedule. (D) Although two months is the recommended starting age, immunisation will be equally effective if commenced in older children. The early start is advised because whooping cough is most serious in young babies. Immunisation can still ensure protection for children over eight years and adults, provided the vaccine appropriate to their age is used. | (E) If a child has diarrhoea, Sabin oral vaccine should not be given. If a child vomits within two hours of taking Sabin oral vaccine, the dose should be repeated. Before you have your child immunised, please tell the doctor if your child: • Is suffering from any sickness or allergy; • Has had a severe reaction to a previous immunisation such as persistent screaming or persistent vomiting, or collapse, or convulsions, or fever exceeding 29.5°C; • Has ever had fits, or if other members of the family have had an illness of the nervous system or convulsions; • Has had a blood transfusion or an injection of gamma globulin in the last three months; • Is under treatment with a cortisone-like drug. (F) For some children the Hepatitis B vaccine may also be recommended. Please consult your doctor for advice. (G) • Your doctor, or • Your local council, or • Community Health Centres in some Health Regions | Choose the appropriate answer.
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1. The vaccine for which illness comes in the form of a syrup?
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2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a possible side effect of the DTP vaccine?
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The text about immunisation gives the answers to questions commonly asked by parents. There are 7 sections A-G. Choose the most suitable heading for each section from the list below. NB: There are more headings than sections so you will not use all of them. You may use any of the headings more than once.
Passage 2
The following table gives information about immunisation. IMMUNISATION CALENDAR | AGE | DISEASE | VACCINE | 2 months | Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis | DTPw* | | Poliomyelitis | OPV-Sabin vaccine | | Hib | Hib vaccine (HbOC or PRP-OMP)** | 4 months | Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis | DTPw* | | Poliomyelitis | OPV-Sabin vaccine | | Hib | Hib vaccine (HbOC or PRP-OMP)** | 6 months | Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis | DTPw* | | Poliomyelitis | OPV-Sabin vaccine | | Hib (HbOC schedule only) | Hib vaccine (HbOC) | 12 months | Measles, Mumps, Rubella | MMR | | Hib (PRP-OMP schedule only) | Hib vaccine (PRP-OMP) | 18 months | Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis, | DTPa or DTPw | | Hib (HbOC schedule only) | Hib vaccine (HbOC) | Prior to school—4-5 years (+) | Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis | DTPa or DTPw | | Poliomyelitis | OPV-Sabin vaccine | (+) Attendance for these booster injections is essential. * DTP is the abbreviation for diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine, commonly referred to by the trade name “Triple Antigen” ** Abbreviations for haemophilus influenzae Type b (Hib) vaccines: HbOC is “HibTITER”; PRP-OMP is “PedvaxHIB”. HbOC (‘HibTITER’) is given at two, four, six and 18 months. PRP-OMP (PedvaxHIB) is given at two, four and 12 months.
Complete the sentences below with words taken from the reading passage ‘Snapshot of Views'. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
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young people
youth suicide
confident
lots of friends / a lot of friends
the environment
the republic
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Crazy About Computer Games Computer Games and Australians Today is a research report by Kevin Durkin and Kate Aisbett, commissioned by Australia's State and Territory Attorney-Generals. The following is a snippet of findings and research data indicating young people's attitudes to computers and the games they're playing. | Research findings: • Game playing can be a sociable activity... games can be the focus of shared father- child activities and valued as such by young people • The predominant reactions associated with aggressive content were that it was amusing and not to be taken seriously. • Players report that they use computer games as a way of venting pent up tensions. Frustration arising from games was short-lived. • Aggressive content in computer games is perceived differently, because they offer a degree of autonomy and control which makes them less scary than other media. • Parents may not be monitoring computer game play as much as other media use. | Children’s comments: • 'I've played the Mortal Kombat game-you know it's violent but it's sort of funny ... the way they chop their heads off. You just laugh because it's so funny 'cos you know it's not real.' • ‘I don't get addicted. Perhaps I play it a lot for a day and then not for a week.' • 'It's fun as it's fun to watch spinal cords being ripped out. It's funny.' • 'A movie can put ideas into your mind... not video or computer games, they're not realistic.' • 'Basically I'm just impressed with the graphics behind it and things like that. I don't really concentrate on someone getting their head ripped off—it's just impressive graphics.' | Classify the following as being Research Findings, Children's Comments, or Both Example: Young people enjoy playing computer games with their parents. Answer: Research Findings (1st point ‘father-child activities... valued...by young people)
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1. Computer games help to decrease stress.
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Explain:
see the 3rd point |
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2. Violence in computer games is not as frightening as in movies and television programs.
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Explain:
Research findings 4th point, Children's comments 4th point |
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3. Some children play computer games all day but not every day.
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Explain:
see the 2nd point |
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4. Movies, videos and computer games are unlikely to impact negatively on children because the violence is not realistic.
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Explain:
Research findings 2nd point, Children's comments 1st and 4th points |
Do the following statements reflect the findings of the researchers in the Reading Passage Crazy About Computer Games? YES - if the statement reflects the findings NO - if the statement contradicts the findings NOT GIVEN - if the information is not given in the passage
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1. Parents are monitoring what children watch on television and play on computers.
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Explain:
Research findings, 5th point |
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2. Young people prefer playing computer games with parents than watching movies.
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Explain:
they enjoy playing with parents but it is not known if they prefer this to movies |
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3. Most game players find the aggression in computer games humorous.
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Explain:
Research findings 2nd point-amusing, Children's comments 1st and 3rd points |
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4. Computer games are more enjoyable because the graphics are better than movies.
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Explain:
Children's comments 5th point-graphics impressive but no comparison to movies is made. Children's comments 4th point mentions movies and computer games but does not mention graphics specifically |
Passage 3
Green Energy As energy prices rise and the effects of greenhouse gas emissions become more widespread, people everywhere are becoming increasingly concerned about using fossil fuels. More and more people are turning to so-called “green technologies” as a way to reduce dependence on non renewable fossil fuels. The ideal alternative energy source would be sustainable (the supply will not be exhausted), clean (no emissions), and reliable. The three most popular alternative energy sourcesare geothermal power, solar power, and wind power. Since geothermal energy taps heat from the earth, its resources range from water found just below the surface of the earth, to hot water and hot rock found a fewmiles below the surface, to even deeper rock of extremely high temperatures. In aprocess similar to drilling for oil, wells as deep as a mile or more can be drilled into underground reservoirs to tap steam and hot water that are used to run turbines andcreate energy. Power companies can then transmit this energy over power lines. Geothermal power on a smaller scale can be used for heating and coolinghouses or commercial buildings. Geothermal heat pumps, also known asground-source heat pumps, rely on the fact that the earth beneath the surfaceremains at a relatively constant temperature throughout the year. Like a cave, theground is warmer than the air above it during the winter and cooler in the summer. The geothermal heat pump transfers the heat stored in the earth into the building during the winter, and transfers it out of the building and into the ground during the summer. The ground, in other words, acts as a heat source in winter and a heat sink in summer. While geothermal heat pumps are an emissions-free and reliable source of energy, the biggest disadvantage is that such systems are expensive to install. Solar energy has come a long way from the clunky boxes of the 1970s. Today, solar energy is commonly collected by sleek and efficient photovoltaic (PV)panels. The photovoltaic cells convert sunlight directly into electricity and are made of semiconductors such as crystalline silicon or other thin-film materials. The benefitsof solar power vary according to how much exposure a given building has to thesun. However, one does not need to live in the desert to take advantage of solar power. Cloudy Germany is the worldwide leader in the use of solar power. Solar power is not as pricey as geothermal power, but having a panel professionally installed can still be costly. Some enterprising home-owners reduce the initial costs by purchasing inexpensive kits and setting up the system on their own. The biggest disadvantage of a solar power system is its dependence on the amount of sunlight collected, but some cutting-edge panels can generate energy even in the rain. Wind power is created when wind is used to generate mechanical power or electricity. Most wind turbines convert the wind’s kinetic energy into mechanical power. The wind turns the blades, which spin a shaft connected to a generator. Agenerator then converts this mechanical power into electricity. A group of wind turbines can produce electricity and feed it into the utility grid, where it is sent through transmission lines to homes and businesses. Like solar and geothermal energy, wind is a renewable resource that produces no emissions. Small wind energy systems can be used by homes, farms, or communities. Such systems can be connected to the larger electrical grid or used for stand-alone energy generation—a particularly attractive option for anyone living far from power company lines. A grid-connected wind turbine can reduce one’s reliance onthe power company for electricity . If the turbine cannot deliver the needed energy, the power company then makes up the difference. However, in order to take advantage of wind energy, a turbine must be in an area with average wind speed of at least 10 miles an hour, and such systems can be very expensive. Whether a given home or business uses wind, solar, or geothermal power depends on a variety of economic and environmental factors. However, expertsagree that investing in alternative energy now—whether by individuals or power companies—will pay dividends in the future.
Complete the summary below. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
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fossil fuels
sustainable
alternative energy
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Choose the correct answer.
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1. Which THREE of the following facts about geothermal energy are mentioned in the passage?
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Explain:
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2. Which THREE of the following facts about solar energy are mentioned in the passage?
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Explain:
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3. Which FOUR of the following facts about wind energy are mentioned in the passage?
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Explain:
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| No. | Date | Right Score | Total Score |
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PARTNERS |
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NEWS |
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