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MODEL TEST - GENERAL TRAINING IELTS
(Time: 90 minutes)
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Section 1

Script:

You will hear a conversation between a student looking for a host family and a housing adviser.

 
ADVISER:   Good morning, how can I help you?
STUDENT: Good morning. Umm. I understand you help fix up students with host families.
ADVISER:   That’s right ... are you interested in ...?
STUDENT: Yes...
ADVISER:   Well please sit down and I’ll just take a few details.
STUDENT:  Thank you.
ADVISER:   Right now. . . what name is it?
STUDENT:  Jenny Chan.
ADVISER:   Can you spell that please?
STUDENT: Yes. . . J-E-N-N-Y C-H-A-N.
ADVISER:   Right.. . and what is your present address?
STUDENT:  Sea View Guest House. 14 Hill Road.
ADVISER:   OK, and do you know the phone number there?
STUDENT:  Yes ... I have it here, ummm . . . 2237676, but I’m only there after about 7 pm.
ADVISER:   So when would be the best time to catch you?
STUDENT:  I suppose between 9 and, let me see, half-past, before I leave for the college.
ADVISER:   Great. . . and can I ask you your age?
STUDENT:  I’ve just had my nineteenth birthday.
ADVISER:   And how long would you want to stay with the host family?
STUDENT:  I'm planning on staying a year but at the moment I’m definitely here for four months only. I have to get an extension to my permit.
ADVISER:   You’re working on it? Fine ... and what will be your occupation while you’re in the UK?
STUDENT:  Studying English?
ADVISER:   And what would you say your level of English is?
STUDENT:  Umm. Good, I think I'd like to say ‘advanced’ but my written work is below the level of my spoken, so I suppose it’s intermediate.
ADVISER:   Certainly your spoken English is advanced. Anyway, which area do you think you would prefer?
STUDENT:  Ummm, well I’m studying right in the centre but I’d really like to live in the north-west.
ADVISER:   That shouldn’t be a great problem ... we usually have lots of families up there. (Pause) And do you have any particular requirements for diet?
STUDENT:  Well, I’m nearly a vegetarian . . . not quite.
ADVISER:   Shall I say you are? It’s probably easier that way.
STUDENT:  That would be best.
ADVISER:   Anything about your actual room?
STUDENT:  I would prefer my own facilities - ‘en suite', is that right? And also if it's possible a TV and I’d also like the house to have a real garden rather than just a yard, somewhere I could sit and be peaceful.
ADVISER:   Is that all?
STUDENT:  Well. . . I’m really serious about improving my English so I’d prefer to be the only guest if that’s possible?     
ADVISER:   No other guests . . . Yes, you get more practice that way. Anyway, obviously all this is partly dependent on how much you're willing to pay. What did you have in mind?
STUDENT:  I was thinking in terms of about £60-£80 a week, but I’d go up to a hundred if it was something special.
ADVISER:   Well I don’t think we’d have any problems finding something for you.
STUDENT:  Oh, good.
ADVISER:   And when would you want it for?
STUDENT:  I'd like to move in approximately two weeks.
ADVISER:   Let me see, it’s the 10th today ... so if we go for the Monday it’s the 23rd March.    
STUDENT:  Yes.
ADVISER:   Right... good, and if I could ask one last question ...

Complete the form below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR NUMBERS for each answer.
 
HOST FAMILY APPLICANT
Name: (1)..................
Present address: Sea View Guest House(2) ..................
Daytime phone number: 2237676
     [NB Best time to contact is 9-9.30
Age: 19
Intended length of stay: (3) ..................
Occupation while in UK: student
General level of English: (4) ..................
Preferred location: in the (5) ..................
Special diet: (6) ..................
Other requirements: own facilities
                              own television
                              (7) ..................
                              to be (8) ..................
Maximum price: £ (9) .................. a week
Preferred starting date: 23rd March
1.
100 North-West garden/ a garden/ a real garden/ real garden Jenny Chan intermediate vegetarian only guest/ the only guest 1 year/ one year 14 Hill Road


(1)  
(2)  
(3)  
(4)  
(5)  
(6)  
(7)  
(8)  
(9)  


Section 2

Script:

 Tour leader:  Thank you  for choosing City Tours.  The reason  so  many people choose our tours when visiting this city is because you can design your tour to suit your own interests. Your all-day pass entitles you to  board  our  bus  at  any stop  and stay as  long as you  like  at  each place. The all-day bus pass costs $18 for adults.  Children between the  ages  of five  and  twelve  pay  half the  adult  fare,  and  children under five ride for free. Our buses run every hour on the half hour, starting at 8:30  A .M .
 
Our most popular tour is the Center City Tour, which goes to all the major  attractions  in  the  center  of the  city.  From  the  starting point here at the tour bus office,  the bus goes  to the first stop,  Hill Park. As you may guess, this park is located at the top of a small hill. The next stop is the fishing docks. Following that, the bus goes on to the third stop, Bay Bridge, located at the foot of the bridge which crosses the bay. The fourth stop is in the shopping district, then the fifth and last stop is at Green Street.

Complete the information  below. Write ONE NUMBER for each answer.
 
CITY TOURS
Fare Information
 
Adult All-Day Pass:  $ (1)………
Children ages 5—12 All-Day Pass:  $ (2)………
Children under age 5:  Free
1.
18 9


(1)  
(2)  


Script:

Tour leader:  Thank you  for choosing City Tours.  The reason  so  many people choose our tours when visiting this city is because you can design your tour to suit your own interests. Your all-day pass entitles you to  board  our  bus  at  any stop  and stay as  long as you  like  at  each place. The all-day bus pass costs $18 for adults.  Children between the  ages  of five  and  twelve  pay  half the  adult  fare,  and  children under five ride for free. Our buses run every hour on the half hour, starting at 8:30  A .M .
 
Our most popular tour is the Center City Tour, which goes to all the major  attractions  in  the  center  of the  city.  From  the  starting point here at the tour bus office,  the bus goes  to the first stop,  Hill Park. As you may guess, this park is located at the top of a small hill. The next stop is the fishing docks. Following that, the bus goes on to the third stop, Bay Bridge, located at the foot of the bridge which crosses the bay. The fourth stop is in the shopping district, then the fifth and last stop is at Green Street.

Label the map below. Write NO MORE  THAN TWO  WORDS  for each answer.
 
1.
Green Street Bay Bridge Hill Park


(1)  
(2)  
(3)  


Script:

 Tour leader:  There  are  many  interesting  things  to  do  and  see  on  the  Center City Tour.  At  the  first  stop,  you  can  enjoy  a spectacular view of the  bay,  the  city,  and  especially  of the  fishing  docks,  which  are located  at  the  foot  of the  hill.  At  the  second  stop,  you  can  walk around  and look at  the  boats.  Fresh  fish  from  the  bay is  also  for sale here, since this is the place where the fishermen bring in their catch.  The  next  stop  is  where  some  of the  city’s  finest  seafood restaurants  are  located,  so  you  might want  to  plan  a  lunch  stop here.  You  can  eat fresh  fish  here  prepared  in  the  traditional local way.  The  fourth stop  is,  of course,  where you  can  do your shop­ping.  Don’t  miss  the  opportunity to  purchase  some  of our  city’s famous  handmade  baskets.  You’ll  want  to  take  several  home  as souvenirs  of your visit to  our city.  Finally,  at  the last stop  on  the tour, you can visit one of the oldest buildings in our city, the theater.  This  building was  built  over  400  years  ago  and  is  still  used today as a place to see plays,  musicals,  and other performances,  as well as our annual film festival.

Complete the chart  below. Write NO MORE THAN ONE  WORD  for each answer.
 
Place
Activity
First stop
Enjoy the (1) ......... of the bay
Second stop
Look at the (2).........
Third stop
(3) ......... fish.
Fourth stop
Purchase  (4).........
Fifth stop
Visit the (5) .........
1.
view boats eat theater baskets


(1)  
(2)  
(3)  
(4)  
(5)  


Section 3

Script:

Listen to a female student, Amina, talking to her tutor, Dr. Bryson, about her project on local history.

 
BRYSON:   Well, Amina, thanks for letting me have your draft in such good time.
AMINA:     Oh, that’s alright. I was just very anxious to hear what you think of it. You can see that I decided to change the topic - I had been interested in looking at Barings Factory.
BRYSON    Oh, I think the hospital was a much better choice. In fact... well... I have to say that I thought it was good.
AMINA:     Oh?
BRYSON:   There’s still lots of work to be done .. .
AMINA:     Oh yes ... of course.
BRYSON:   But there’s plenty of good ideas. It opens well and the first chapter is fine but the middle section really stood out for me ... most interesting.
AMINA:     That’s amazing because I really didn’t find it a bit easy to write ...
BRYSON:   How long did you work on the whole thing?
AMINA:     Well, I spent about two or three weeks reading and doing general research and then I dashed the writing off very quickly ... so about four weeks in all.
BRYSON:   Well, that’s about par for the course. You’ve got a while yet to make the changes.
AMINA:     Oh right... no problem ...

Choose a correct answer choice to complete each sentence below.
1. Amina′s project is about a local
A. school.
B. factory.
C. hospital.
Explain:
2. Dr. Bryson particularly liked
A. the middle section.
B. the introduction.
C. the first chapter.
Explain:
3. Amina was surprised because she
A. thought it was bad.
B. found it difficult to do.
C. wrote it quickly.
Explain:

Script:

BRYSON:  Right. Let’s have a look at my notes here. OK. Starting with section headings ... the broad divisions are good but you’ll have to re-do the actual headings. I’ve made some suggestions in the margins...         

AMINA:    OK. Thanks.
BRYSON: Now, this information on local housing ... I can see why you put it there but it really isn’t relevant to the approach you’ve taken.
AMINA:     I think I see what you mean.
BRYSON: Now . . . what did I say about the interviews?
AMINA:     I worked very hard on those. I really thought they were valuable.
BRYSON: They are, Amina, but they’re very complex and rather unclear at the moment. You’re going to have to spend a bit of time making the data a lot clearer.
AMINA:     OK ... as long as I don’t have to remove them altogether . . .
BRYSON: No, don’t worry.
AMINA:     What about the chronology ... the list of dates? I wasn’t sure whether I should rewrite those.
BRYSON: My advice on that is to take them out. I feel it makes the whole piece appear too simplistic.
AMINA:     OK, if it’ll help.

What suggestions does Dr. Bryson make?
Write A    if he says KEEP UNCHANGED
Write B if he says REWRITE
Write C if he says REMOVE COMPLETELY
1.
C / remove completely C / remove completely B / rewrite B/ rewrite


Section headings  

Information on housing  

Interview data  

Chronology  


Script:

BRYSON:   Now, there are a couple of other books I’d like you to look at. Have you got a pen? Right. . . Approaches to Local History by John Mervis . . .

AMINA:     Right...
BRYSON:   And then I think you need to think about ways of representing interview data. Have a look at Sight and Sound by Kate Oakwell.
AMINA:     Sight and Sound.
BRYSON: Then you know I’m going away on holiday next week . . .
AMINA:     Yes.
BRYSON: So when you’ve made the changes I suggest you show the work to your Support Tutor.
AMINA:     Support Tutor . . . right. . .
BRYSON: Then you do the proof reading . . .
AMINA:     Proof reading . . . uh-huh. When by, do you think?
BRYSON:   I’d aim for 29 June and after that you should get it laser printed . . . but be careful because the computer centre closes on 10 July.
AMINA:     And then I hand it in to ... ?
BRYSON:   Oh, the Faculty Office as usual.
AMINA:     OK, that’s fine. I think I’m all set now! Thanks very much for all your help.
BRYSON:   A pleasure. See you when I get back.
AMINA:     Yep. Thanks, Dr. Bryson. Bye.
BRYSON:   Bye.

Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
 
SCHEDULE OF ACTION
- Read ‘Approaches to Local History’ by John Mervis.
- Read ‘(1)...............’ by Kate Oakwell.
- Make changes and show to (2).............. .
- Do (3).............. by 29 June.
- Laser print before 10 July.
- Hand in to (4)............. .
1.
proof reading/ proof read Faculty Office Support Tutor Slight and Sound


(1)  
(2)  
(3)  
(4)  


Section 4

Script:

 Lecturer:  With  the  rising cost  of fossil  fuels,  there’s  a  great  deal  of interest these  days  in  developing  alternative  sources  of energy.  Today,  I’d  like to talk about one of these—wind power.  In the past couple of  decades,  there’s been an  upsurge of interest in using the wind as  a  source of energy, but the idea isn’t new at all. People have been har­nessing  the  power  of the  wind  for  centuries,  ever  since  ancient peoples first used sailboats.  In ancient China,  farmers used a rudi­mentary sort of windmill to pump water. Wind power was used in other  parts  of the  ancient  world,  as  well.  In  Persia,  for  example, farmers  used wind-powered mills  to grind their grain.  During the Middle Ages  in  the Netherlands,  people went back to  the ancient idea  of using  the  power  of the  wind  to  move  water.  They  used windmills to drain lakes, thereby creating more land for farming.

Complete the chart  below. Write NO MORE  THAN TWO  WORDS for each answer.
 
Historical Uses of Wind Power
 
Ancient China: Windmills were used to (1).........
 
Ancient Persia: Farmers used wind power to  (2).........
 
The Netherlands: People used windmills to  (3).........
1.
grind grain drain lakes pump water


(1)  
(2)  
(3)  


Script:

 Lecturer: At present, people around the world are using the wind to generate electricity, some old methods, some new. Is this the solution to our modern energy problems? Well, as with anything, there are both advantages and disadvantages to using wind power. Let’s take a look at some of the reasons to use wind power. One of the biggest prob¬lems with using fuels such as oil and coal is pollution. Wind power, on the other hand, is clean. It causes no pollution and therefore doesn’t contribute to global warming. Another great advantage of wind power is that it’s a renewable resource. Oil and coal reserves are limited, but we’ll never run out of wind. Economics is another reason to use wind power. Using the wind to generate electricity costs less, much less, than running other types of generators. In addition, since wind turbines don’t take up much land, the land around them can be used for other purposes, such as farming.
 
There are disadvantages, however. Even though generating electricity with wind is relatively inexpensive, the technology isn’t cheap. The initial costs of setting up wind turbines can be quite high. Another issue is reliability. Wind doesn’t blow at a constant strength. Therefore, at times, a lot of electricity can be produced while at oth¬ers there may be little or none. Wind turbines usually have to be located in rural areas where the land is open. Their distance from cities, where the most electricity is needed, is another issue. Although wind is considered to be a clean source of energy, wind turbines cause their own sort of pollution. Wind turbines are usually placed in high, open areas, where they’re easy to be seen. Rural residents often feel that the beautiful local scenery is spoiled by the sight of the wind tur¬bines. In addition, wind turbines aren’t quiet. In fact, one wind tur¬bine can produce as much noise as a car traveling at highway speeds.

Complete the chart  below. Write NO MORE  THAN TWO  WORDS for each answer.
 
Advantages
Disadvantages
- Unlike oil and coal, wind power does not cause (1).........
- There are limited supplies of oil and coal, but wind is a (2).........
- It  (3).........  to  generate  electricity with the wind.
- Wind turbines do not take up much land.
- The cost of the initial investment is high.
- The  (4)......... of the wind is not constant.
- Wind turbines are usually located far from (5).........
- Wind turbines may spoil (6)……
- Wind turbines are as (7)......... as a high-speed car.
1.
pollution noisy cities costs less the scenery strength renewable resource


(1)  
(2)  
(3)  
(4)  
(5)  
(6)  
(7)  


Passage 1

CALL ANYWHERE IN THE STATE FOR ONE LOW SHORT-DISTANCE RATE!

 
You have a choice of three Supafone Mobile Digital access plans: Leisure time, Executive and Highflier. They are designed to meet the needs of light, moderate and high-volume users. Calls in each plan are charged at only two rates - short-distance and long-distance. You enjoy big savings with off-peak calls.
 
LEISURETIME
Your mobile phone is mainly for personal use. You use your phone to keep family and friends in touch. You don’t want to strain your budget.
With this plan you enjoy the lowest monthly access fee and extremely competitive costs for calls. However, a monthly minimum call charge applies.
 
EXECUTIVE
You’re in business and need to be able to call your office and your clients whenever the need arises. You value the convenience of a mobile phone but need to keep a close eye on overheads.
For frequent users: the monthly access fee is slightly higher, but you enjoy the savings of a discounted call rate.
 
HIGHFLIER
You are always on the move and communications are critical. You need to be able to call and be called wherever you are - world-wide.
As a high-volume user you pay an access fee of just $60 a month but even lower call rates.
 
 
LEISURETIME
EXECUTIVE
HIGHFLIER
Monthly Access Fee
Access Fee
$35
$46
$60
 
PEAK
30 sec. unit
OFF PEAK
Save 50%
PEAK
30 sec. unit
OFF PEAK
Save 50%
PEAK
30 sec. unit
OFF PEAK Save 50%
Short-distance
21.0 cents
10.5 cents
16.8 cents
8.4 cents
15.1 cents
7.6 cents
Long-distance
31.5 cents
16.8 cents
25.2 cents
12.6 cents
21.0 cents
11.4 cents
Best if you spend this amount a month on calls
up to $95
$95-$180
more than $180
Peak time: 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. Monday-Saturday
Off peak: all other times, including all day Sunday. Billing increments are in 30-second units. Call charges are rounded up to the nearest cent. In off-peak periods, calls are subject to a minimum charge of two 30-second units.
Once-only Connection Fee: $30 plus additional $35 for your SmartCard.

Classify the following statements.

1. The monthly access fee is the highest but the call rates are the lowest.
A. the EXECUTIVE plan
B. ALL three of the plans
C. the HIGHFLIER plan
D. the LEISURETIME plan
Explain:


2. Calls are charged at short-distance or long-distance rates.
A. the LEISURETIME plan
B. the HIGHFLIER plan
C. ALL three of the plans
D. the EXECUTIVE plan
Explain:


3. This plan is NOT primarily intended for people who need a mobile phone for their work.
A. the EXECUTIVE plan
B. ALL three of the plans
C. the HIGHFLIER plan
D. the LEISURETIME plan
Explain:


4. This plan is a cost-effective choice if you spend just over $100 a month on calls.
A. ALL three of the plans
B. the LEISURETIME plan
C. the HIGHFLIER plan
D. the EXECUTIVE plan
Explain:


5. It costs 21 cents for a 30-second long-distance call at 2 p.m.
A. the HIGHFLIER plan
B. ALL three of the plans
C. the EXECUTIVE plan
D. the LEISURETIME plan
Explain:


6. The connection fee is $30.
A. the LEISURETIME plan
B. ALL three of the plans
C. the EXECUTIVE plan
D. the HIGHFLIER plan
Explain:


7. You will have to pay a minimum amount for calls each month.
A. the LEISURETIME plan
B. ALL three of the plans
C. the EXECUTIVE plan
D. the HIGHFLIER plan
Explain:

WESTWINDS FARM CAMPSITE

 
Open April - September
(Booking is advised for holidays in July and August to guarantee a place.)
 
Jim and Meg Oaks welcome you to the campsite. We hope you will enjoy your stay here.
 
We ask all campers to show due care and consideration whilst staying here and to observe the following camp rules.
 
Keep the campsite clean and tidy:
-         dispose of litter in the bins provided;
-         leave the showers, toilets and washing area in the same state as you found them;
-         ensure your site is clear of all litter when you leave it.
 
Don't obstruct rights of way. Keep cars, bikes, etc. off the road.
 
Let sleeping campers have some peace. Don't make any noise after 10 o'clock at night or before 7.30 in the morning.
 
Dogs must be kept on a lead. Owners of dogs that disturb other campers by barking through the night will be asked to leave.
 
Disorderly behaviour will not be tolerated.
 
The lighting of fires is strictly prohibited.
 
Ball games are not allowed on the campsite. There is plenty of room for ball games in the park opposite the campsite.
Radios, portable music equipment, etc. must not be played at high volume.
 
The management reserves the right to refuse admittance.

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text?
True            if the statement agrees with the information
False           if the statement contradicts the information
Not given     if there is no information on this

1. The campsite is open all year round.
A. False
B. Not given
C. True
Explain:


2. You should book ahead for the busier times of the year.
A. False
B. Not given
C. True
Explain:


3. The minimum stay at the campsite is two nights.
A. True
B. Not given
C. False
Explain:


4. The entrance to the campsite is locked after 10 p.m.
A. Not given
B. True
C. False
Explain:


5. No dogs are allowed on the campsite.
A. Not given
B. False
C. True
Explain:


6. You are not allowed to cook food on open fires.
A. Not given
B. True
C. False
Explain:


7. The owners of the campsite may not allow you to camp there.
A. False
B. True
C. Not given
Explain:
Passage 2

Organizing Your Desk
 
Follow these easy steps to a clutter-free desk:
A
The best way to begin is with a clean slate. Remove everything from the top of the desk—office supplies, documents, computer, printer—everything. Then move on to the drawers. Take out everything, then wipe down all surfaces with a damp cloth. Now all is clean and you are ready to start a new.
B
Next, take all those supplies and materials and sort through them. Group similar items together. For example, you might have a pile for small supplies such as paperclips and rubber bands, one for filing materials such as folders and labels, one for paperwork pertaining to current projects and another for paperwork to be filed, and so on. Group the items in a way that makes sense to you and the way you work.
C
Now, create an appropriate place for each group of items. A few items can be kept on the desktop, such as a pencil holder or a mail tray, but try to keep the desktop as clear as possible. Office supply stores sell a variety of trays, boxes, and other containers that are handy for storing everything from paper clips to large documents. They will help you keep both the drawers and the desktop organized.
D
Now you have completed the most important steps. Everything on your desk is organized. How will you keep it that way? The best way is to follow a routine. After you have finished using the paper clips or the scissors, put them back intheir place. As soon as mail arrives on your desk, attend to it instead of letting it pile up. By developing regular practices like these, you will find it much easier to keep your desk organized.
E
Even when you have become accustomed to the routine of putting everything back in its place after use, you may still find that over time the organization starts to break down. This is why it is a good idea to develop a schedule. If you spend a short while reorganizing your desk at the end of every week or every month, you can keep the clutter from becoming overwhelming.
F
It is worth the small amount of time and effort it takes to keep your deskorganized. Why? Psychologists tell us that an organized work space leads to more efficient and productive work.

 The following reading passage has six sections, A—F.Choose the correct heading for each section from the list of headings below. There are more headings than sections, so you willnot use them all.

1. Section A
A. Categorize Supplies and Papers
B. Follow a Schedule
C. Make It a Habit
D. Organize Your Mail
E. Empty Your Desk
F. Why Is it Important?
G. Find Places for Everything
H. Maintain Your Files
Explain:


2. Section B
A. Maintain Your Files
B. Empty Your Desk
C. Categorize Supplies and Papers
D. Find Places for Everything
E. Make It a Habit
F. Follow a Schedule
G. Organize Your Mail
H. Why Is it Important?
Explain:


3. Section C
A. Why Is it Important?
B. Maintain Your Files
C. Empty Your Desk
D. Find Places for Everything
E. Make It a Habit
F. Follow a Schedule
G. Categorize Supplies and Papers
H. Organize Your Mail
Explain:


4. Section D
A. Make It a Habit
B. CategorizeSupplies and Papers
C. Why Is it Important?
D. Find Places for Everything
E. Empty Your Desk
F. Follow a Schedule
G. Maintain Your Files
H. Organize Your Mail
Explain:


5. Section E
A. CategorizeSupplies and Papers
B. Organize Your Mail
C. Maintain Your Files
D. Make It a Habit
E. Why Is it Important?
F. Empty Your Desk
G. Follow a Schedule
H. Find Places for Everything
Explain:


6. Section F
A. Maintain Your Files
B. Make It a Habit
C. Organize Your Mail
D. Why Is it Important?
E. Follow a Schedule
F. Find Places for Everything
G. Empty Your Desk
H. CategorizeSupplies and Papers
Explain:

Telecommuting
 
Telecommuting, defined as working from home at least part of the time, is an increasingly common way to work. It has many benefits for employees. The fact that a telecommuter does not have to spend time each day traveling to and from work is one obvious advantage. Working from home can mean significant savings in time and money that was formerly spent on daily travel. The telecommuter no longer has to spend part of his or her salary just to get to work in order to earn that salary. Not having to deal with traffic, bus schedules, or other logistics of travel also saves the telecommuter a good deal of unnecessary stress. As a result, the telecommuter can approach work with more energy and more positive feelings. There can also be a similar positive effect on the telecommuter’s personal life, as there will bemore energy and time left to devote to family.
 
Telecommuting is not for everyone. It works best for people who are able to managetheir own time and work independendy. Unfortunately, even the most independentworker can start to feel isolated over time. This can be managed, however,by creating a schedule that balances work hours spent at home with work hoursspent at the office. Many telecommuters, for example, go into the office periodicallyin order to attend staff meetings or work with colleagues. Another issue manytelecommuters face is the distractions of home life. It can be hard to concentrate onwork when family members are demanding attention. Therefore, it is important fortelecommuters to establish a work plan that is satisfactory to all members of the family.In addition, some telecommuters find that spending their workday at homeresults in higher costs for electricity and heating. They may also have new expenses,such as paying for an Internet connection, that they did not have before.

 Choose the correct answer.  


1. Which FOUR of the following advantages of telecommuting are mentioned in the passages?
A. a better employer—employee relationship
B. salary increases
C. more time for personal business
D. more time to spend with the family
E. reduced travel expenses
F. an improved attitude toward work
G. a more relaxed life
Explain:


2. Which THREE of the following disadvantages of telecommuting are mentioned inthe passage?
A. problems with colleagues
B. interruptions of work
C. more expenses at home
D. missed staff meetings
E. feeling lonely
Explain:
Passage 3
 The Construction of the White House

A

Located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, DC, the White House was originally designed by James Hoban, an Irish-born American architect. In 1792, after defeating eight other entrants, Hoban won a contest to design a mansion for the president of the United States. President George Washington oversaw the original construction, which began on October 13, 1792. Prior to the design contest, engineer Pierre Charles L’Enfant had worked with President Washington to design the capital city. L’Enfant’s vision of the president’s house was four times larger than the mansion Hoban built. Labor and material expenses required Hoban to build the house on a much smaller scale, with only two main floors instead of three. In addition, rather than using the expensive imported stone of his original plan, the majority of the brick he used was made right on site. Hoban employed builders and craftsmen from overseas as well as local slaves and laborers. The total expenditure for the project was $232,372. This was just a fraction of what L’Enfant’s proposed palace would have cost.
B
James Hoban’s design was a near copy of a residence in James Gibbs’s Book of Architecture, published in 1728. Neoclassicism, influenced by the Greco—Roman style, was the popular choice for architects throughout Europe during that time. When Napoleon became emperor, he employed the best architects he knew to transform Paris into a classical Roman capital. Roman triumphal arches and Corinthian columns adorned all of Paris’s major structures. Architects in Germany built monuments, halls, and theaters inspired by classic Greek structures such as the Acropolis in Athens. The popularity of the neoclassical style grew internationally, spreading as far as America. Though the architectural styles were borrowed from classical designs, each country added a unique flair in order to achieve a sense of nationalism in its capital.
C
The house that James Hoban designed was not completed until after the second president of the United States took office. Despite the unfinished interior, President John Adams and his family moved from the temporary capital in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, into the president’s house on November 1, 1800. Throughout his term, Adams lived in the mansion with half-finished walls, no heating, and no running water. The interior of the building was completed in 1801 during Thomas Jefferson’s term. Before Jefferson moved in, he hired architect Benjamin Latrobe to install coal-burning fireplaces and two water closets. Latrobe also created two terraces on the east and west sides of the building and installed a furnace that relied on kettles and pipes in the basement.
D
Just over twenty years after the construction of the president’s house began, the building was burned down during the War of 1812. After British troops torched the house on August 25, 1814, rumors surfaced as to whether the capital would be moved inland. However, the Battle of New Orleans, an encounter in which the Americans came out victorious over Britain, evoked a sense of nationalism in the country’s heart. The victory inspired the rebuilding of the president’s house, a task that was once again handed over to James Hoban.
E
Hoban worked on the rebuilding for two years before President James Monroe moved into the unfinished home and purchased a number of furnishings. Benjamin Latrobe, who later built the Capitol building, designed large porticos for the house with columns that supported the roof. In 1824, his south portico was completed with a double staircase leading up to the new porch. The north portico was completed in 1830 during the presidency of Andrew Jackson. Though these columns give the White House its distinguishing features today, there was some criticism at the time that they overshadowed the intricate stone carvings on the house. During Jackson’s term, running water was installed, though a furnace and gas lighting were not introduced until the 1840s.
F
Major renovations on the president’s house continued through the 1800s, including modern innovations such as the telephone and electric wiring. A hot water system, a greenhouse, a private bath, and a number of conservatories were also added. The conservatories, including the rose and orchid houses were removed in 1902, when construction began on the West Wing. The president’s Oval Office was added to the West Wing at the order of President Taft in 1909. Each succeeding president and first lady contributed to the interior and its furnishings. Inspectors ordered a full renovation of the White House after the building almost collapsed while a balcony was being added for Harry Truman in the late 1940s. During the temporary closure, all of the modern conveniences, including central air conditioning were added. The last major modification to the White House was the removal of over forty layers of paint from the exterior walls in 1978.
G
For over 100 years, the White House was only a nickname associated with the presidents’ home. This term was likely related to the whitewashed exterior that stonemasons completed in 1798. The home was either referred to as the “President’s House” or the “Executive Mansion” until Theodore Roosevelt formally established it as the White House soon after taking office in 1901.

The passage has seven paragraphs, A—G. Choose the most suitable heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below. There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use them all.


1. Paragraph A
A. Completion of the First President's House
B. Naming the President's House
C. The Neoclassical Architectural Style
D. First Ladies and Interior Design
E. Reconstruction of the President's House
F. Funding the Construction
G. The President's House Burns Down
H. Choosing a Location
I. Renovation and Modernization
G. A Designer Is Chosen
Explain:


2. Paragraph B
A. The Neoclassical Architectural Style
B. Funding the Construction
C. A Designer Is Chosen
D. Renovation and Modernization
E. First Ladies and Interior Design
F. Reconstruction of the President's House
G. Choosing a Location
H. Completion of the First President's House
I. Naming the President's House
G. The President's House Burns Down
Explain:


3. Paragraph C
A. A Designer Is Chosen
B. The President's House Burns Down
C. First Ladies and Interior Design
D. Choosing a Location
E. The Neoclassical Architectural Style
F. Naming the President's House
G. Reconstruction of the President's House
H. Completion of the First President's House
I. Renovation and Modernization
G. Funding the Construction
Explain:


4. Paragraph D
A. Reconstruction of the President's House
B. Funding the Construction
C. First Ladies and Interior Design
D. Renovation and Modernization
E. The Neoclassical Architectural Style
F. Completion of the First President's House
G. A Designer Is Chosen
H. The President's House Burns Down
I. Choosing a Location
G. Naming the President's House
Explain:


5. Paragraph E
A. Funding the Construction
B. Choosing a Location
C. A Designer Is Chosen
D. The Neoclassical Architectural Style
E. Renovation and Modernization
F. Reconstruction of the President's House
G. First Ladies and Interior Design
H. Naming the President's House
I. The President's House Burns Down
G. Completion of the First President's House
Explain:


6. Paragraph F
A. First Ladies and Interior Design
B. A Designer Is Chosen
C. Naming the President's House
D. Completion of the First President's House
E. Choosing a Location
F. The Neoclassical Architectural Style
G. Reconstruction of the President's House
H. Renovation and Modernization
I. Funding the Construction
G. The President's House Burns Down
Explain:


7. Paragraph G
A. Funding the Construction
B. The Neoclassical Architectural Style
C. Naming the President's House
D. Choosing a Location
E. First Ladies and Interior Design
F. Reconstruction of the President's House
G. Renovation and Modernization
H. A Designer Is Chosen
I. Completion of the First President's House
G. The President's House Burns Down
Explain:

 Choose the correct answer.


1. Pierre Charles L′Enfant was ................
A. the winner of a contest to build the president's house
B. the designer of the capital city
C. an importer of stone
Explain:


2. The influential Book o f Architecture was written by ................
A. James Gibb
B. Napoleon
C. James Hoban
Explain:


3. The first president to live in the original president′s house was ................
A. Thomas Jefferson
B. John Adams
C. George Washington
Explain:


4. The White House burned down in ................
A. 1814
B. 1800
C. 1812
Explain:


5. The Oval Office was built during the presidency of ................
A. Taft
B. Jackson
C. Truman
Explain:


6. In 1901, ................
A. the first lady bought new furniture
B. the White House was repainted
C. Theodore Roosevelt became president
Explain:
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